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Compare Kiribati (2005) - Jan Mayen (2003)

Compare Kiribati (2005) z Jan Mayen (2003)

 Kiribati (2005)Jan Mayen (2003)
 KiribatiJan Mayen
Administrative divisions 3 units; Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands; note - in addition, there are 6 districts (Banaba, Central Gilberts, Line Islands, Northern Gilberts, Southern Gilberts, Tarawa) and 21 island councils - one for each of the inhabited islands (Abaiang, Abemama, Aranuka, Arorae, Banaba, Beru, Butaritari, Kanton, Kiritimati, Kuria, Maiana, Makin, Marakei, Nikunau, Nonouti, Onotoa, Tabiteuea, Tabuaeran, Tamana, Tarawa, Teraina) -
Age structure 0-14 years: 38.9% (male 20,342/female 19,806)


15-64 years: 57.7% (male 29,362/female 30,136)


65 years and over: 3.3% (male 1,477/female 1,969) (2005 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products copra, taro, breadfruit, sweet potatoes, vegetables; fish -
Airports 20 (2004 est.) 1 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways total: 3


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 (2004 est.)		 -
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 17


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 12


under 914 m: 4 (2004 est.)		 total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Area total: 811 sq km


land: 811 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes three island groups - Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands		 total: 373 sq km


land: 373 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative four times the size of Washington, DC slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background The Gilbert Islands were granted self-rule by the UK in 1971 and complete independence in 1979 under the new name of Kiribati. The US relinquished all claims to the sparsely inhabited Phoenix and Line Island groups in a 1979 treaty of friendship with Kiribati. This desolate, mountainous island was named after a Dutch whaling captain who indisputably discovered it in 1614 (earlier claims are inconclusive). Visited only occasionally by seal hunters and trappers over the following centuries, the island came under Norwegian sovereignty in 1929. The long dormant Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg volcano resumed activity in 1970; it is the northernmost active volcano on earth.
Birth rate 30.86 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) -
Budget revenues: $28.4 million


expenditures: $37.2 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2000 est.)		 -
Capital Tarawa -
Climate tropical; marine, hot and humid, moderated by trade winds arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog
Coastline 1,143 km 124.1 km
Constitution 12 July 1979 -
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Kiribati


conventional short form: Kiribati


note: pronounced keer-ree-bahss


former: Gilbert Islands		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Jan Mayen
Death rate 8.37 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) -
Debt - external $10 million (1999 est.) -
Dependency status - territory of Norway; since August 1994, administered from Oslo through the county governor (fylkesmann) of Nordland; however, authority has been delegated to a station commander of the Norwegian Defense Communication Service
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Kiribati; the ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Kiribati -
Diplomatic representation in the US Kiribati does not have an embassy in the US; there is an honorary consulate in Honolulu -
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $15.5 million largely from UK and Japan (2001 est.) -
Economy - overview A remote country of 33 scattered coral atolls, Kiribati has few natural resources. Commercially viable phosphate deposits were exhausted at the time of independence from the UK in 1979. Copra and fish now represent the bulk of production and exports. The economy has fluctuated widely in recent years. Economic development is constrained by a shortage of skilled workers, weak infrastructure, and remoteness from international markets. Tourism provides more than one-fifth of GDP. The financial sector is at an early stage of development as is the expansion of private sector initiatives. Foreign financial aid from UK, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and China equals 25%-50% of GDP. Remittances from workers abroad account for more than $5 million each year. Jan Mayen is a volcanic island with no exploitable natural resources. Economic activity is limited to providing services for employees of Norway's radio and meteorological stations located on the island.
Electricity - consumption 6.51 million kWh (2002) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2002) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2002) -
Electricity - production 7 million kWh (2002) -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Banaba 81 m		 lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m


highest point: Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg 2,277 m
Environment - current issues heavy pollution in lagoon of south Tarawa atoll due to heavy migration mixed with traditional practices such as lagoon latrines and open-pit dumping; ground water at risk NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements		 -
Ethnic groups Micronesian 98.8%, other 1.2% (2000 census) -
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001), 1.7248 (2000) -
Executive branch chief of state: President Anote TONG (since 10 July 2003); Vice President Teima ONORIO; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Anote TONG (since 10 July 2003); Vice President Teima ONORIO; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: 12-member Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of the House of Parliament


elections: the House of Parliament chooses the presidential candidates from among its members and then those candidates compete in a general election; president is elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 4 July 2003 (next to be held not later than July 2007); vice president appointed by the president


election results: Anote TONG 47.4%, Harry TONG 43.5%, Banuera BERINA 9.1%		 -
Exports NA -
Exports - commodities copra 62%, coconuts, seaweed, fish -
Exports - partners France 45.7%, Japan 29.2%, US 9.1%, Thailand 5.4% (2004) -
Fiscal year NA -
Flag description the upper half is red with a yellow frigate bird flying over a yellow rising sun, and the lower half is blue with three horizontal wavy white stripes to represent the ocean the flag of Norway is used
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 30%


industry: 7%


services: 63% (1998 est.)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $800 (2001 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 1.5% (2001 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 1 25 N, 173 00 E 71 00 N, 8 00 W
Geography - note 21 of the 33 islands are inhabited; Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Makatea in French Polynesia, and Nauru barren volcanic island with some moss and grass
Highways total: 670 km


paved: NA km


unpaved: NA km (1999 est.)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA		 -
Imports NA -
Imports - commodities foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, miscellaneous manufactured goods, fuel -
Imports - partners Australia 33.6%, Fiji 29.8%, Japan 10.3%, New Zealand 6.9%, France 4.1% (2004) -
Independence 12 July 1979 (from UK) -
Industrial production growth rate 0.7% (1991 est.) -
Industries fishing, handicrafts -
Infant mortality rate total: 48.52 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 53.64 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 43.16 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)		 -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.5% (2001 est.) -
International organization participation ACP, AsDB, C, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IOC, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 13 (Jan Mayen and Svalbard) (2000)
Irrigated land NA 0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Court of Appeal; High Court; 26 Magistrates' courts; judges at all levels are appointed by the president -
Labor force 7,870 economically active, not including subsistence farmers (2001 est.) -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 2.74%


permanent crops: 50.68%


other: 46.58% (2001)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages I-Kiribati, English (official) -
Legal system NA the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch unicameral House of Parliament or Maneaba Ni Maungatabu (42 seats; 39 elected by popular vote, one ex officio member - the attorney general, one appointed to represent Banaba, and one other; members serve four-year terms)


elections: first round elections last held 29 November 2002; second round elections held 6 December 2002 (next to be held by November 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - BTK 17, MTM 16, independents 7, other 2 (includes attorney general)


note: legislative elections were held in two rounds - the first round on 9 May 2003 and the second round on 14 May 2003		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 61.71 years


male: 58.71 years


female: 64.86 years (2005 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: NA


total population: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%		 -
Location Oceania, group of 33 coral atolls in the Pacific Ocean, straddling the equator; the capital Tarawa is about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia; note - on 1 January 1995, Kiribati proclaimed that all of its territory lies in the same time zone as its Gilbert Islands group (GMT +12) even though the Phoenix Islands and the Line Islands under its jurisdiction lie on the other side of the International Date Line Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the Norwegian Sea, northeast of Iceland
Map references Oceania Arctic Region
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm		 contiguous zone: 10 NM


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 4 NM
Merchant marine total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,291 GRT/1,295 DWT


by type: passenger/cargo 1 (2005)		 -
Military - note Kiribati does not have military forces; defense assistance is provided by Australia and NZ defense is the responsibility of Norway
Military branches no regular military forces; Police Force (carries out law enforcement functions and paramilitary duties; small police posts are on all islands) -
Military expenditures - dollar figure NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA -
National holiday Independence Day, 12 July (1979) -
Nationality noun: I-Kiribati (singular and plural)


adjective: I-Kiribati		 -
Natural hazards typhoons can occur any time, but usually November to March; occasional tornadoes; low level of some of the islands make them very sensitive to changes in sea level dominated by the volcano Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg; volcanic activity resumed in 1970
Natural resources phosphate (production discontinued in 1979) none
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Boutokaan Te Koaua Party or BTK [Taberannang TIMEON]; Maneaban Te Mauri Party or MTM [Teburoro TITO]; Maurin Kiribati Pati or MKP [leader NA]; National Progressive Party or NPP [Dr. Harry TONG]


note: there is no tradition of formally organized political parties in Kiribati; they more closely resemble factions or interest groups because they have no party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures		 -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 103,092 (July 2005 est.) no indigenous inhabitants


note: personnel operate the Long Range Navigation (Loran-C) base and the weather and coastal services radio station (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line NA -
Population growth rate 2.25% (2005 est.) -
Ports and harbors Betio none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1


note: the shortwave station may be inactive (2002)		 AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA


note: there is one radio and meteorological station (1998)
Religions Roman Catholic 52%, Protestant (Congregational) 40%, some Seventh-Day Adventist, Muslim, Baha'i, Latter-day Saints, and Church of God (1999) -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female


total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2005 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment: generally good quality national and international service


domestic: wire line service available on Tarawa and Kiritimati; connections to outer islands by HF/VHF radiotelephone; wireless service available in Tarawa since 1999


international: country code - 686; Kiribati is being linked to the Pacific Ocean Cooperative Telecommunications Network, which should improve telephone service; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 4,500 (2002) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 500 (2002) -
Television broadcast stations 1 (not reported to be active) (2002) -
Terrain mostly low-lying coral atolls surrounded by extensive reefs volcanic island, partly covered by glaciers
Total fertility rate 4.2 children born/woman (2005 est.) -
Unemployment rate 2%; underemployment 70% (1992 est.) -
Waterways 5 km (small network of canals in Line Islands) (2003) none
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